CSS TIUTORIAL POINT

CSS

What is CSS?

Cascading Style Sheets, fondly referred to as CSS, is a simple design language intended to simplify the process of making web pages presentable. CSS handles the look and feel part of a web page. Using CSS, you can control the color of the text, the style of fonts, the spacing between paragraphs, how columns are sized and laid out, what background images or colors are used, as well as a variety of other effects. CSS is easy to learn and understand but it provides a powerful control over the presentation of an HTML document. Most commonly, CSS is combined with the markup languages HTML or XHTML.

-:Advantages of CSS:-

 CSS saves time - You can write CSS once and then reuse the same sheet in multiple HTML pages. You can define a style for each HTML element and apply it to as many web pages as you want.

 Pages load faster - If you are using CSS, you do not need to write HTML tag attributes every time. Just write one CSS rule of a tag and apply it to all the occurrences of that tag. So, less code means faster download times.

 Easy maintenance - To make a global change, simply change the style, and all the elements in all the web pages will be updated automatically.

 Superior styles to HTML - CSS has a much wider array of attributes than HTML, so you can give a far better look to your HTML page in comparison to HTML attributes.

 Multiple Device Compatibility - Style sheets allow content to be optimized for more than one type of device. By using the same HTML document, different versions of a website can be presented for handheld devices such as PDAs and cellphones or for printing.

 Global web standards – Now HTML attributes are being deprecated and it is being recommended to use CSS. So it’s a good idea to start using CSS in all the HTML pages to make them compatible with future browsers.

When you create a website for your business, time and money are likely to be major concerns. Luckily, there is a web design method that can help you save time and money while also improving your visitor's experience. Cascading Style Sheets, more commonly known as CSS, has fast become the preferred web design method for the benefits it offers web designers and website visitors alike.

CSS is a language used to detail the presentation of a web page's markup language (most commonly HTML or XHTML) – such as colors, fonts, and layout. One of its key benefits is the way it allows the separation of document content (written in HTML or a similar markup language) from document presentation (written in CSS).

If you already have a website that was designed using tables, you may be reluctant to make the switch to CSS, which will require some time and effort. However, the benefits of CSS are the same for new and old websites alike — so why wait? Here are 5 great reasons to ditch those pesky tables and turn your website into a CSS success story.

-:Consistency:-

By making one change to your website's CSS style sheet, you can automatically make it to every page of your website. The bigger your website, the more time CSS saves you. And not only does CSS save time, it also ensures that your web pages have consistent styling throughout your site.

-:Bandwidth Reduction:-

When CSS separates your website's content from its design language, you dramatically reduce your file transfer size. Your CSS document will be stored externally, and will be accessed only once when a visitor requests your website. In contrast, when you create a website using tables, every page of your website will be accessed with each visit. Your reduced bandwidth needs will result in a faster load time and could cut your web hosting costs.

-:Search Engines:-

CSS is considered a clean coding technique, which means search engines won't have to struggle to "read" its content. Also, using CSS will leave your website with more content than code – and content is critical to your search engine success.

-:Browser Compatibility:-

The recent arrival of Google® Chrome is further evidence that today's Internet users have more browser options than ever before, which makes browser compatibility a major issue for your website. CSS stylesheets increase your website's adaptability and ensure that more visitors will be able to view your website in the way you intended.

-:Viewing Options:-

Another common web design concern is the increasing need to make websites available for different media. CSS can help you tackle this challenge by allowing the same markup page to be presented in different viewing styles —— for example, you may create a separate stylesheet for print or for a mobile device.

Is CSS is a programming language?

CSS+HTML actually is turing complete because you can encode Rule 110 in CSS. That said, it would be prohibitively impractical to try to write programs in HTML and CSS. People who say they program in HTML are generally mistaken about programming. HTML is a markup language and CSS is a style sheet language.

What is the full form of CSS?

The full form of CSS is Cascading Style Sheets is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language.

What is meant by CSS?

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. CSS describes how HTML elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media. CSS saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at once. External stylesheets are stored in CSS files.

What is SASS in CSS?

The indented syntax is a metalanguage. SCSS is a nested metalanguage, as valid CSS is valid SCSS with the same semantics. Sass supports integration with the Firefox extension Firebug. SassScript provides the following mechanisms: variables, nesting, mixins, and selector inheritance.

What is the difference between CSS and sass?

The most commonly used syntax is known as “SCSS” (for “Sassy CSS”), and is a superset of CSS3's syntax. This means that every valid CSS3 stylesheet is valid SCSS as well. SCSS files use the extension .scss. The second, older syntax is known as the indented syntax (or just “.sass”).

What are the benefits of CSS sprites?

If a web page has large no. of images that takes a longer time to load because each image separately sends out an http request. The concept of CSS sprites is used to reduce the loading time for a web page because it combines the various small images into one image. It reduces the number of http requests and hence the loading time.

-:Description:-

CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. It is not a language but a method to beautify the html pages without much complexity. CSS is the power of beautification to something as simple as a combination of texts and tags. It is not wrong to say that if 'HTML' is father of Web Designing, CSS is the mother of it. With the help of CSS files we can very easily control the height, width, color, background, or any attribute or property of any HTML element.

While HTML will only set the basic layout or skeleton of a webpage, CSS will add the colors, backgrounds, opacity and many other style features to the basic elements of the web page.

How to use CSS styles?

There are three ways to insert CSS in you web page:

-:Inline CSS :-

The simplest way to add styles directly to an html element.

-:Internal CSS style sheets :-

By inserting the style in the head section of a webpage.

-:External CSS style sheets :-

Most used and best way to add styles to a web page by making a separate .css file and attaching it to the webpage.

-:Priority of Style:-

Inline styles have greatest priority followed by internal style sheets and lastly by external style sheets. This means if there is a conflict in styles properties for an element, then the least priority would be given to style written in external style sheet, while highest priority would be given to inline style for an element.

But there is an exception.The master of all is !important keyword. This keyword provides a Veto to the rule given above. Hence applying important to something written in external style sheet would overrule the style written in Inline of an element.